Who Do You Say That Jesus Is?

Once when Jesus was praying by himself, and the disciples were with him, he asked them, “Who do the crowds say that I am?”

—Luke 9:18

The question Jesus poses to his closest followers in this Sunday’s Gospel is one of the most essential in all of Scripture: “Who do you say that I am?” For many of us today, this question has lost some of its power to surprise and intrigue us. After all, wasn’t all that settled centuries ago?

If we only want to approach the question of who (or even what) Jesus is from the perspective of orthodox, historical theology, then the answer is yes—ecumenical councils and some of the greatest minds of the Early Church worked to understand and explain Jesus’ relationship to the Father, his place within in the Trinity, and the interplay of his human and divine natures. The Catechism of the Catholic Church (§423) sums it up in this way:

We believe and confess that Jesus of Nazareth, born a Jew of a daughter of Israel at Bethlehem at the time of King Herod the Great and the emperor Caesar Augustus, a carpenter by trade, who died crucified in Jerusalem under the procurator Pontius Pilate during the reign of the emperor Tiberius, is the eternal Son of God made man. He ‘came from God’ (John 13:3), ‘descended from heaven’ (Jn 3:13), and ‘came in the flesh’ (Jn 4:2). For ‘the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, full of grace and truth; we have beheld his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father. . . and from his fullness have we all received, grace upon grace (Jn 1:14, 16).

Beyond this sort of formal inquiry, however, the same question that Jesus posed to Peter and the other Apostles is being asked of each of us: “Who do you say that I am?” At this level, formal doctrines and creedal statements can only form a foundation or starting point for an answer.

The first generations of Christians came to understand who Jesus was as they wove together their own experiences of Jesus of Nazareth with the hopes and expectations of the people of Israel, embodied in the Law and Prophets. That Jesus is the “long-awaited Messiah” (which was Peter’s answer, cf. Luke 9:20) is something that Christians today can take for granted (even if we don’t fully understand the significance of the title) but also easily dismiss because that Jesus seems too far away to be accessible or approachable.

Jesus, however, provides a sort of reorientation when he reveals that he is not going to fulfill the expectations of those who want a messiah who is a source of glory and restored power for Israel. Rather, he tells them that he “must suffer greatly and be rejected by the elders, the chief priests, and the scribes, and be killed and on the third day be raised.” Jesus is Isaiah’s Suffering Servant (ch. 53) and the one of whom the prophet Zechariah said, “They shall look on him whom they have pierced” (12:10). But, Jesus’ understanding of himself goes even further than the visions of these prophets than this: he does not promise glory to his followers—he will, instead, die for the redemption of humanity—and anyone who would follow him would have a share in that redeeming death and renewed life: “If anyone wishes to come after me, he must deny himself and take up his cross daily and follow me” (Lk 9:23).

Ultimately, Christianity is not an idea. Instead, it is the shared, lived experience of countless people of faith who have come to recognize the presence of God-With-Us in Jesus. Flowing from this reality is the truth that to claim the name of “Christian” is to profess Christ and follow Christ, making your faith real through your works of mercy and the pursuit of jutice. In the end, to seek to live a private sort of faith, without the demands of the Cross, is to be something other than a follower of Jesus—it is to simply be an admirer. As Pope Saint John Paul II observed, “The correct profession of faith must be accompanied by a correct conduct of life… From the start, Jesus never concealed this demanding truth from his disciples” (Homily for June 21, 1998). Death and life are the legacy of all of us who follow Jesus.

Who do you say that Jesus is?

At what points in your life have you been invited to carry the Cross? How has God provided you with the strength to move forward?

What in your life is inconsistent with the faith you profess? How is Jesus inviting you to become a more faithful, fruitful disciple?

Words of Wisdom: “Be followers and disciples of the Crucified. Carry him in your hearts. Manifest him in all your thoughts, works, and actions so that is no longer you who work, but Christ in you.”—Venerable Francis Mary of the Cross Jordan, founder of the Society of the Divine Savior